配置和安装 dashboard
这是接着上一篇《二进制方式部署Kubernetes 1.6.0集群(开启TLS)》写的。
Kubernetes Dashboard is a general purpose, web-based UI for Kubernetes clusters. It allows users to manage applications running in the cluster and troubleshoot them, as well as manage the cluster itself.
配置dashboard
官方文件目录:https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons/dashboard
我使用的文件:
从 https://github.com/rootsongjc/follow-me-install-kubernetes-cluster/tree/master/manifests/dashboard 下载3个文件下来,并上传到/opt/kube-dashboard/目录下。
[root@node1 opt]# mkdir kube-dashboard
[root@node1 opt]# cd kube-dashboard/
[root@node1 kube-dashboard]# ls
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml dashboard-service.yaml
修改dashboard-controller.yaml文件,将里面的image改为:
index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
由于 kube-apiserver 启用了 RBAC 授权,而官方源码目录的 dashboard-controller.yaml 没有定义授权的 ServiceAccount,所以后续访问 kube-apiserver 的 API 时会被拒绝,web中提示:
Forbidden (403)
User "system:serviceaccount:kube-system:default" cannot list jobs.batch in the namespace "default". (get jobs.batch)
因此,增加了一个dashboard-rbac.yaml文件,定义一个名为 dashboard 的 ServiceAccount,然后将它和 Cluster Role view 绑定。
执行所有定义的文件
# pwd
/opt/kube-dashboard
# ls
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml dashboard-service.yaml
# kubectl create -f .
deployment "kubernetes-dashboard" created
serviceaccount "dashboard" created
clusterrolebinding "dashboard" created
service "kubernetes-dashboard" created
检查执行结果
1.查看分配的 NodePort
# kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes-dashboard 10.254.207.77 <nodes> 80:32281/TCP 41s
- NodePort 32281映射到 dashboard pod 80端口。
2.检查 controller
# kubectl get deployment kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-dashboard 1 1 1 1 13m
# kubectl get pods -n kube-system | grep dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard-2888692679-tv54g 1/1 Running 0 13m
访问dashboard
有以下三种方式:
- kubernetes-dashboard 服务暴露了 NodePort,可以使用 http://NodeIP:nodePort 地址访问 dashboard;
- 通过 kube-apiserver 访问 dashboard(https 6443端口和http 8080端口方式);
- 通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard
使用 http://NodeIP:nodePort 地址访问 dashboard
# kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes-dashboard 10.254.207.77 <nodes> 80:32281/TCP 41s
然后检查出这个pod是运行在集群中哪个服务器上的,我这里是检查是运行在node1节点上的,所以浏览器输入http://172.16.7.151:32281/
通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard
1.启动代理
[root@node1 kube-dashboard]# kubectl proxy --address='172.16.7.151' --port=8086 --accept-hosts='^*$'
Starting to serve on 172.16.7.151:8086
- 需要指定 –accept-hosts 选项,否则浏览器访问 dashboard 页面时提示 “Unauthorized”
2.访问
浏览器访问 URL:http://172.16.7.151:8086/ui 自动跳转到:http://172.16.7.151:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/#/workload?namespace=default
通过 kube-apiserver 访问dashboard
1.获取集群服务地址列表
[root@node1 ~]# kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://172.16.7.151:6443
KubeDNS is running at https://172.16.7.151:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns
kubernetes-dashboard is running at https://172.16.7.151:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard
To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.
2.导入证书
将生成的admin.pem证书转换格式。
[root@node1 ~]# cd /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@node1 ~]# openssl pkcs12 -export -in admin.pem -out admin.p12 -inkey admin-key.pem
将生成的admin.p12证书导入的你的电脑,导出的时候记住你设置的密码,导入的时候还要用到。
如果你不想使用https的话,可以直接访问insecure port 8080端口:http://172.16.7.151:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard
由于缺少 Heapster 插件,当前 dashboard 不能展示 Pod、Nodes 的 CPU、内存等 metric 图形。